Diabetes mellitus is a serious and common chronic condition that has emerged as a major global public health threat. The International Diabetes Federation has estimated that 10.5% of the global population aged 20–79 years, or 536.6 million people, had diabetes in 2021 [1].
Adverse conditions during fetal development can have long-term effects on the developing organism, predisposing to diseases in adulthood [1]. Low birthweight (LBW), a proxy for an adverse intrauterine environment, is associated with elevated risks of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, CVD and chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1, 2].